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Working with Data in Blazor Chart component

28 Jul 2021 / 6 minutes to read

The Chart uses SfDataManager, which supports both RESTful JSON data services binding and IEnumerable binding. The DataSource value can be assigned either with the property values from SfDataManager or list of business objects. It supports the following kinds of data binding method:

List binding
Remote data

List binding

You can assign a IEnumerable object to the DataSource property. The list data source can also be provided as an instance of SfDataManager or by using SfDataManager component. Now map the data fields to XName and YName properties.

local-data.razor

@using Syncfusion.Blazor.Charts

<SfChart Title="Inflation - Consumer Price" Width="60%">
    <ChartPrimaryXAxis IntervalType="IntervalType.Years" LabelFormat="y" ValueType="Syncfusion.Blazor.Charts.ValueType.DateTime"></ChartPrimaryXAxis>
    <ChartSeriesCollection>
        <ChartSeries DataSource="@ConsumerReports" XName="XValue" YName="YValue" Type="ChartSeriesType.Line">
        </ChartSeries>
    </ChartSeriesCollection>
</SfChart>

@code{
    public class ChartData
    {
        public DateTime XValue { get; set; }
        public double YValue { get; set; }
    }

    public List<ChartData> ConsumerReports = new List<ChartData>
    {
            new ChartData { XValue = new DateTime(2005, 01, 01), YValue = 21 },
            new ChartData { XValue = new DateTime(2006, 01, 01), YValue = 24 },
            new ChartData { XValue = new DateTime(2007, 01, 01), YValue = 36 },
            new ChartData { XValue = new DateTime(2008, 01, 01), YValue = 38 },
            new ChartData { XValue = new DateTime(2009, 01, 01), YValue = 54 },
            new ChartData { XValue = new DateTime(2010, 01, 01), YValue = 57 },
            new ChartData { XValue = new DateTime(2011, 01, 01), YValue = 70 },
        };
}

Local Data

By default, SfDataManager uses BlazorAdaptor for list data-binding.

ExpandoObject binding

Chart is a generic component which is strongly bound to a model type. There are cases when the model type is unknown during compile type. In such cases you can bound data to the chart as list of ExpandoObject.

ExpandoObject can be bound to chart by assigning to the DataSource property.

@using Syncfusion.Blazor.Charts
@using System.Dynamic

<SfChart>
<ChartPrimaryXAxis ValueType="Syncfusion.Blazor.Charts.ValueType.Category" />
<ChartSeriesCollection>
    <ChartSeries DataSource="@MedalDetails" XName="X" YName="Y" Type="ChartSeriesType.Column">
    </ChartSeries>
</ChartSeriesCollection>
</SfChart>

@code{
private List<string> countries = new List<string> { "South Korea", "India", "Germany", "Italy", "Russia" };
private Random randomNum = new Random();
public List<ExpandoObject> MedalDetails { get; set; } = new List<ExpandoObject>();
protected override void OnInitialized()
{
    MedalDetails = Enumerable.Range(0, 5).Select((x) =>
    {
        dynamic d = new ExpandoObject();
        d.X = countries[x];
        d.Y = randomNum.Next(20, 80);
        return d;
    }).Cast<ExpandoObject>().ToList<ExpandoObject>();
}
}

Remote Data

To bind remote data to chart component, assign service data as an instance of SfDataManager to the DataSource property. To interact with remote data source, provide the endpoint Url.

remote-data.razor

@using Syncfusion.Blazor.Data
@using Syncfusion.Blazor.Charts

<SfChart>
    <SfDataManager Url="https://services.odata.org/V4/Northwind/Northwind.svc/Orders" Adaptor="Adaptors.ODataV4Adaptor"></SfDataManager>

    <ChartPrimaryXAxis Title="Orders" ValueType="Syncfusion.Blazor.Charts.ValueType.Category"
                       RangePadding="ChartRangePadding.Additional"></ChartPrimaryXAxis>

    <ChartSeriesCollection>
        <ChartSeries XName="OrderID" YName="Freight" Type="ChartSeriesType.Column"></ChartSeries>
    </ChartSeriesCollection>
</SfChart>

Binding with OData services

OData is a standardized protocol for creating and consuming data. You can retrieve data from OData service using the SfDataManager. Refer to the following code example for remote data binding using OData service.

Binding with OData v4 services

ODataV4 is an enhanced version of OData protocols, and SfDataManager can also retrieve and consume OData v4 services. For more details on OData v4 services, please refer to the OData documentation. Use the ODataV4Adaptor to bind OData v4 service.

Remote Data

Web API

You can use the WebApiAdaptor to bind chart with the Web API created using the OData endpoint.

@using Syncfusion.Blazor.Data
@using Syncfusion.Blazor.Charts

<SfChart>
<SfDataManager Url="https://ej2services.syncfusion.com/production/web-services/api/Orders" Adaptor="Adaptors.WebApiAdaptor"></SfDataManager>

<ChartPrimaryXAxis Title="Orders" ValueType="Syncfusion.Blazor.Charts.ValueType.Category"
                   ></ChartPrimaryXAxis>

<ChartSeriesCollection>
    <ChartSeries XName="OrderID" YName="Freight" Type="ChartSeriesType.Column"></ChartSeries>
</ChartSeriesCollection>
</SfChart>

Web API

Sending additional parameters to the server

To add a custom parameter to the data request. Assign the Query object with additional parameters to the chart Query property.

The following sample code demonstrates sending parameters using the Query property in the series,

@using Syncfusion.Blazor.Data
@using Syncfusion.Blazor.Charts

<SfChart>
<SfDataManager Url="https://services.odata.org/V4/Northwind/Northwind.svc/Orders" Adaptor="Adaptors.ODataV4Adaptor"></SfDataManager>

<ChartPrimaryXAxis Title="Orders" ValueType="Syncfusion.Blazor.Charts.ValueType.Category"
                   RangePadding="ChartRangePadding.Additional"></ChartPrimaryXAxis>

<ChartSeriesCollection>
    <ChartSeries Query="ChartQuery" XName="OrderID" YName="Freight" Type="ChartSeriesType.Column"></ChartSeries>
</ChartSeriesCollection>
</SfChart>

@code{
public Query ChartQuery { get; set; }

protected override void OnInitialized()
{
    ChartQuery = new Query().Take(10).Where("Freight", "GreaterThan", 300, false);
}

}

Entity Framework

Entity Framework acts as a modern object-database mapper for .NET. This section explains how to consume data from the Microsoft SQL Server database and bind it to the chart component.

Create DBContext class

The first step is to create a DBContext class called OrderContext for establishing connection to a Microsoft SQL Server database.

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;
using EFChart.Data;

namespace EFChart.Data
{
    public class OrderContext : DbContext
    {
        public virtual DbSet<Order> Orders { get; set; }

        protected override void OnConfiguring(DbContextOptionsBuilder optionsBuilder)
        {
            if (!optionsBuilder.IsConfigured)
            {
                // Configures the context to connect to a Microsoft SQL Serve database
                optionsBuilder.UseSqlServer(@"Data Source=(LocalDB)\MSSQLLocalDB;AttachDbFilename='D:\blazor\EFTreeMap\App_Data\NORTHWND.MDF';Integrated Security=True;Connect Timeout=30");
            }
        }
    }

    public class Order
    {
        [Key]
        public int? OrderID { get; set; }
        [Required]
        public string CustomerID { get; set; }
        [Required]
        public int EmployeeID { get; set; }
    }
}

Create data access layer to perform data operation

Now need to create a class called OrderDataAccessLayer, which acts as a data access layer to retrieve the records from the database table.

using Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using static BlazorApp1.Data.OrderContext;
using EFChart.Data;

namespace EFChart.Data
{
    public class OrderDataAccessLayer
    {
        OrderContext db = new OrderContext();

        //To Get all Orders details
        public DbSet<Order> GetAllOrders()
        {
            try
            {
                return db.Orders;
            }
            catch
            {
                throw;
            }
        }
    }
}

Creating Web API Controller

A Web API Controller must be created which allows the chart to directly consume data from the Entity framework.

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Primitives;
using static BlazorApp1.Data.OrderContext;
using EFChart.Data;

namespace EFChart.Controller
{
    [Route("api/[controller]")]
    [ApiController]
    public class DefaultController : ControllerBase
    {
        OrderDataAccessLayer db = new OrderDataAccessLayer();
        [HttpGet]
        public object Get()
        {
            IQueryable<Order> data = db.GetAllOrders().AsQueryable();
            var count = data.Count();
            var queryString = Request.Query;
            if (queryString.Keys.Contains("$inlinecount"))
            {
                StringValues Skip;
                StringValues Take;
                int skip = (queryString.TryGetValue("$skip", out Skip)) ? Convert.ToInt32(Skip[0]) : 0;
                int top = (queryString.TryGetValue("$top", out Take)) ? Convert.ToInt32(Take[0]) : data.Count();
                return new { Items = data.Skip(skip).Take(top), Count = count };
            }
            else
            {
                return data;
            }
        }
    }
}

Add Web API Controller services in Startup.cs

Open the Startup.cs file to add services and endpoints required for Web API Controller as follows.

using EFChart.Data;
using Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization;

namespace BlazorApplication
{
public class Startup
{
    ....
    ....
    public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
    {
        ....
        ....
        services.AddSingleton<OrderDataAccessLayer>();

        // Adds services for controllers to the specified Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.IServiceCollection.
        services.AddControllers().AddNewtonsoftJson(options =>
        {
            options.SerializerSettings.ContractResolver = new DefaultContractResolver();
        });
    }

    public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env)
    {
        ....
        ....
        app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
        {
            // Adds endpoints for controller actions to the Microsoft.AspNetCore.Routing.IEndpointRouteBuilder
            endpoints.MapDefaultControllerRoute();
            .....
            .....
        });
    }
}
}

Configure chart component

Configure the chart to bind data using either DataSource property or SfDataManager.

For instance, to bind data directly from the data access layer class OrderDataAccessLayer, assign the DataSource property to be OrderData.GetAllOrders().

@using EFChart.Data;
@inject OrderDataAccessLayer OrderData;

@using Syncfusion.Blazor.Charts

<SfChart DataSource="@OrderData.GetAllOrders()">
  <ChartPrimaryXAxis ValueType="Syncfusion.Blazor.Charts.ValueType.Category">
  </ChartPrimaryXAxis>
  <ChartSeriesCollection>
    <ChartSeries XName="CustomerID" YName="OrderID" Type="ChartSeriesType.Column">
    </ChartSeries>
  </ChartSeriesCollection>
</SfChart>

On the other hand, to configure the chart using Web API, provide the appropriate endpoint Url within SfDataManager along with Adaptor. Here, need to use WebApiAdaptor in-order to interact with the Web API to consume data from the entity framework appropriately.

@using Syncfusion.Blazor.Charts
@using Syncfusion.Blazor.Data

<SfChart>
      <SfDataManager Url="api/Default" Adaptor="Syncfusion.Blazor.Adaptors.WebApiAdaptor">
      </SfDataManager>
      <ChartPrimaryXAxis ValueType="Syncfusion.Blazor.Charts.ValueType.Category">
      </ChartPrimaryXAxis>
      <ChartSeriesCollection>
         <ChartSeries XName="CustomerID" YName="OrderID" Type="ChartSeriesType.Column">
         </ChartSeries>
      </ChartSeriesCollection>
</SfChart>

Empty points

Data points with NaN values are regarded as empty points. By using EmptyPointSettings property in series, you can customize the empty point. Default Empty Point Mode is Gap.

empty-points.razor

@using Syncfusion.Blazor.Charts

<SfChart Title="Inflation - Consumer Price" Width="60%">
    <ChartPrimaryXAxis ValueType="Syncfusion.Blazor.Charts.ValueType.Category">
    </ChartPrimaryXAxis>

    <ChartSeriesCollection>
        <ChartSeries DataSource="@ConsumerReports" XName="XValue" YName="YValue" Type="ChartSeriesType.Column">
            <ChartEmptyPointSettings Fill="blue" Mode="@mode"></ChartEmptyPointSettings>
        </ChartSeries>
    </ChartSeriesCollection>
</SfChart>

@code{
    public class ChartData
    {
        public String XValue { get; set; }
        public double YValue { get; set; }
    }
    public EmptyPointMode mode = EmptyPointMode.Average;
    public List<ChartData> ConsumerReports = new List<ChartData> {
            new ChartData { XValue = "Rice", YValue = 80 },
            new ChartData { XValue = "Wheat", YValue = Double.NaN },
            new ChartData { XValue = "Oil", YValue = 70 },
            new ChartData { XValue = "Corn", YValue = 60 },
            new ChartData { XValue = "Gram", YValue = Double.NaN },
            new ChartData { XValue = "Milk", YValue = 70 },
            new ChartData { XValue = "Peas", YValue = 80 },
            new ChartData { XValue = "Fruit", YValue = 60 },
            new ChartData { XValue = "Butter", YValue = Double.NaN },
        };
}

Customizing empty point

Specific color and border for empty point can be set by Fill and Border properties in EmptyPointSettings.

custom-emptypoint.razor

@using Syncfusion.Blazor.Charts

<SfChart>
    <ChartPrimaryXAxis ValueType="Syncfusion.Blazor.Charts.ValueType.Category">
    </ChartPrimaryXAxis>

    <ChartSeriesCollection>
        <ChartSeries DataSource="@SalesReports" XName="Month" YName="Sales" Type="ChartSeriesType.Column">
            <ChartEmptyPointSettings Fill="blue" Mode="@Mode"></ChartEmptyPointSettings>
        </ChartSeries>
    </ChartSeriesCollection>
</SfChart>

@code{
    public class ChartData
    {
        public string Month { get; set; }
        public Nullable<double> Sales { get; set; }
    }
    public EmptyPointMode Mode = EmptyPointMode.Average;

    public List<ChartData> SalesReports = new List<ChartData>
    {
    new ChartData{ Month="Jan", Sales= 35 },
    new ChartData{ Month= "Feb", Sales= 28 },
    new ChartData{ Month="Mar", Sales=null },
    new ChartData{ Month="Apr", Sales=32 },
    new ChartData{ Month="May", Sales=40 },
    new ChartData{ Month= "Jun", Sales=32 },
    new ChartData{ Month="Jul", Sales=35 },
    new ChartData{ Month="Aug", Sales=null },
    new ChartData{ Month="Sep", Sales=38 },
    new ChartData{ Month="Oct", Sales=30 },
    new ChartData{ Month="Nov", Sales=25 },
    new ChartData{ Month= "Dec", Sales=32 }
    };
}

Empty points

Note: You can refer to our Blazor Charts feature tour page for its groundbreaking feature representations. You can also explore our Blazor Chart example to knows various chart types and how to represent time-dependent data, showing trends in data at equal intervals.

Working with Data in Blazor Chart component

List binding

ExpandoObject binding

Remote Data

Binding with OData services

Binding with OData v4 services

Web API

Sending additional parameters to the server

Entity Framework

Create DBContext class

Create data access layer to perform data operation

Creating Web API Controller

Add Web API Controller services in Startup.cs

Configure chart component

Empty points

See Also